Proposal Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Research Proposal Example The research will study the impacts of mobile devices on cyber security in Banda town that is located in the United States. This town is expected to have numerous users because it is located in the US, which has a high population of about 312 million (Shabtai, Fledel, Kanonov, Elovici, Dolev, & Glezer, 2010). The study will concentrate on colleges and universities in the region, because these institutions have numerous students who use mobile devices both at school and at home. The school administrators also use mobile phones to communicate with teachers and other supporting staff. Gaoyue (2013), the senior colonel of Nautilius Institute for security and sustainability, argues that the common uses of the internet include purchasing items in online stores, downloading music, sharing information oN social media platforms such as Face book, Twitter, and LinkedIn, paying electricity and water bills, and accessing television networks. These uses indicate that consumers post their personal information such as name, income, location, and credit card number on the cyber space. This information is personal meaning that it should only be accessed by the owners and other authorized people. However, since mobile phones perform functions that are similar to those of computers, it means that the information of consumers faces the threat of lack of privacy due to cyber threats. The cyber threats include viruses, malicious software, hacking, exposure of secrets, and network fraud (Wright, Dawson, & Omar, 2012). These cyber threats have impacts on consumers and companies that use the mobile devices to share information and purchase goods. Therefore, it is essential to study the impacts of the threats that mobile device users face; this will help in advising companies and consumers on how they can protect themselves from the hazards. The results of the study will enable teachers and students to identify the

Debate over the Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 Essay Example for Free

Debate over the Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 Essay Once they arrived a French spokesman demanded 32 million florins and 250,000 for talking to Talleyrand. This did not include any promise of a resolution. Furious, the American delegates left. Once they got back to America, the rest of the nation was ready for war. That undeclared war was mainly fought on the seas for two and a half years. President Adams Alien and Sedition Acts were proposed to punish the French but also to ruin the Republican Party. Adams knew that immigrants made up the Republican Party in large part from France, England and Ireland. By halting the immigration of those people, Adams could slowing get rid of Jeffersons Party. The debates for these acts were between the Federalists and the Republicans. Along with needing these immigrants to support their party, Republicans found these acts wrong. As Thomas Jefferson once said, l am not a Federalist, because I never submitted the whole system of my opinions to the creed of any party of men whatever in religion, in philosophy, in politics, or in anything else where I was capable of thinking for myself. Such an addiction is the last degradation of a free and moral agent. On the other said, the Federalists felt that they should not feel bad for France even if it is morally wrong. Alexander Hamilton said, The man who shall be the apologist of France, and [who attacks] his own government, is not an American. The choice for him lies between being deemed a fool, a madman, or a traitor. The new American position on immigration violated its policy of friendly adaptation to immigrants. Due to the Alien Act and the Alien Enemies Act immigrants were afraid to live in America fearing deportation or imprisonment. The Alien Act gave the President power to deport all such aliens as he shall Judge dangerous to the peace and safety of the Untied States. The Alien Enemies Act allowed the restraint and removal in time of war or resident adult aliens of the hostile nation. The Sedition Act caused the most uproar among Americans. It infringed upon two freedoms guaranteed by the Bill of Rights. The freedoms, both included in the first amendment, were freedom of speech and freedom of press. The law said that anyone who spoke out against any government officials, including the president, would be imprisoned and fined. The act Jailed a number of Democratic Republican editors, publishers and politicians. Politicians looked to use the Acts to rid themselves nd the country ot political threats and those who expressed contrary views. Ultimately this was seen as a threat to freedom that Americans had fought so hard to win. Thomas Jefferson was afraid that if they were able to remove freedom of speech and freedom of press, they would eventually take away other constitutional promises. Jefferson could not openly protest these acts because he feared prosecution. He secretly created resolutions, which Kentucky approved in 1789 and 1799. History viewed these Acts to be the biggest blunder of Adams presidency and could have overshadowed what was considered a highly effective tenure.

Cant Help Falling in Love :: Music Romance Elvis Presley Essays

Can't Help Falling in Love Wise men say only fools rush in/ but I can't help falling in love with you/ Shall I stay/ would it be a sin/If I can't help falling in love with you/ Like a river flows surely to the sea/ Darling so it goes/ some things are meant to be/ take my hand, take my whole life too/ for I can't help falling in love with you/ Like a river flows surely to the sea/ Darling so it goes/ some things are meant to be/ take my hand, take my whole life too/ for I can't help falling in love with you/ for I can't help falling in love with you –Elvis Presley (1) Elvis may have been wise before his time, because research has found out that you cannot "help falling in love". (1) Many recording artists sing about love and how you cannot help the way you feel about someone when you are in love. Many researchers have done studies to find out what happens within the brain when you are in love and the results are interesting. Before one can understand the emotion of love, one must look at emotions themselves and what they do within the brain. Emotions: Emotions are defined as "stereotypic patterns of the body, which are triggered by the central nervous system in response to distinct external environmental situations or to the recollection of memories related to such situations." (2) In other words, this means the emotions are the way the nervous system reacts to different situations one might find themselves in. In order to survive, emotional responses must be present. (2) "Whenever an emotion is triggered, a network of brain regions (traditionally referred to as the limbic system) generates a pattern of stereotypic outputs, which ultimately induce a biological response of the body." (2) These stereotypic outputs are what humans call emotions. They are predictable responses to certain situations, for instance when a person is in a sad situation, they will cry and feel depressed or if a person is in a happy situation, they will laugh and smile. These responses are because "specific circuits of the emotional motor system have ev olved to both generate this stereotypic emotional facial response, as well as instantaneously recognize it when it occurs in somebody else." (2) This holds true for people in love, when you see someone in love you can tell because their face tells all.

Reversing The Aging Process, Should We? Essay -- essays research paper

Reversing The Aging Process, Should We? In the length of time measured as human lifetime one can expect to see a full range of differing events. It is assumed that during a lifetime a person will experience every possible different emotion. If one is particularly lucky, he will bear witness to, or affect some momentous change in humanity. However is it reasonable to ask what would be experienced by someone who lived two lifetimes? Up until recently the previous question would and could only be rhetorical. There is no answer, because no one has ever lived that long. Of course that was up until now. At McGill University, nematodes (tiny organisms) have experienced five lifetimes (Kluger). Through complex scientific experiments nematodes and fruit flies have had their lifespans increased not by fractions of life times, but by multiples of lifetimes (Kruger). Mankind is using the discovery of DNA as an opportunity to play G-d by changing the aging process. Man has a natural tendency to play the role of G-d. Man has a an inherent need to affect others, be it through the vises of war, power, manipulation or politics. However man’s natural tendency to play G-d has reached it’s final manifestation. By attempting to slow down the aging process man is using himself as the ultimate canvas, to play the role of the omnipotent. Research into the process of aging began in 1961(Rose, Technology Review:64). Since then a great deal of time, money and effort have been appropriated into discovering the causes of aging, it can therefore be inferred that humanity has an almost "personal" interest in aging. Of course the culmination of discovering how we age, is discovering how to stop it. An intrinsic characteristic of Man is His obsession with superficiality. Superficiality is equated with appearance. The appearance of beauty can be equated with youth. Therein lies man’s obsession with age, ceasing to age means being eternally beautiful. As usual man’s actions are dominated by ego and self-preservation. Within the confines of youth there lies a certain fountain of power. Power which cannot be accessed once one ages. Things like physical and sexual prowess. The time of youth is often refereed to as the "prime of your life". It is therefore not difficult to understand and conceive of man’s motivation to stay young and to wish that the immediate people surr... ...m control ling microscopic chemical reactions. Man is referred to as G-d’s ultimate creation, the universe his canvas. But what happens when humans steal the canvas and decide to redecorate, would you want to recolor your Picasso? Is there any justification for living that long, does there need to be? These are not easy questions, and there not intended to be, but should scientists prove successful in their endeavors, all of these questions will have to be resolved. How can certain establishments which frown on cosmetic plastic surgery frown on the reorganization of protein strands? There is no doubt that the people in charge of those organizations would take advantage of these technologies (Rose, Melatonin,: 6). How are the two things different? There are no possible answers to these questions for now they must remain rhetorical. It is increasingly obvious that the repercussions of these technologies stretch across the board. As always the horizon of the future stretches before us, only revealing a glimpse of that which is to come. The resounding questions that will soon confront us can only be concluded with the passage of time, something apparently humanity will have a lot of.

Brandywine Homecare Essay

1. Construct a Brandywine’s Income Statement.  This income statement summarizes the company’s performance during 2007. It reflects how much money the company brought in as revenues, how much spent on expenses, and the difference between the two is the net income profit. All figures above are in terms of millions. Excel rounded the depreciation value which was 1.5 to 2 and net income of 1.5 to 2 as well which gave total expense of 11 which is actually 10.5 million. I will attempt to explain the major components of this Income Statement. Revenue is the first major component. The primary goal of a not-for-profit corporation is financial viability which is generally given in a mission statement in terms of service to the community (Gapenski, 2008). Because most not-for-profit establishments follow a tedious set of requirements, they usually have a tax-exempt status and can accept and or issue tax-exempt bonds (Gapenski, 2008). Revenues usually represent sales, but because there isn’t any clientele or shareholders, revenues must be re-invested into the company. In this case, revenues can be represented by donations, cash received, payer obligation, net patient service, interest earned on investments, and or rental income. Expenses would be the second component of my income statement. It is simply the cost of doing business. A company has to spend money in order to make money (Gapenski, 2008). Some examples of Brandywine expenses could include cost of sales such as utilities, buildings, salaries, labor, maintenance, administration expense, and depreciation and amortization. Net income is the last, but certainly not least. It is what is left after all expenses have been accounted for (Gapenski, 2008). It is often referred to as a company’s bottom line (Gapenski, 2008). Again, being that this is a not-for-profit establishment, all profits have to be re-invested into the corporation. 2. What are Brandywine’s 2007 net income, total profit margin, and cash flow? To interpret the income statement, revenues for 2007 were 12 million. Expenses other than depreciation totaled 75% of total revenues which is 9 million. Showing my work, I know that revenue minus total expenses equals net profit. To get the expense amount, I simply multiplied 75%*12 million to get 9 million plus 1.5 million of depreciation equaled 10.5 million of total expenses. Now, I subtract 10.5 million from 12 million of total revenue to get a net profit of 1.5 million. The equation for profit margin is net income of 1.5 million divided by 12 million of total revenues equal 0.125 * 100% equal 12.5 % profit margin. Cash flow equals net income of 1.5 million plus non cash expenses or depreciation of 1.5 million totals 3 million. Depreciation has to be added back to get cash flow even though there is no cash value (Gapenski, 2008). 3. Supposed the company changed its depreciation calculations such that its depreciation expensed doubled. How would this change affect Brandywine’s net income, total profit margin, and cash flow? If we doubled the depreciation amount, it would give us 3 million. Recall that the equation for net income is total revenue minus total expenses, so we subtract total expenses of 12 million from 12 million of total revenues leaving a 0 net profit. We would experience a big difference of 1.5 million of net profit if the depreciation value doubled. For the profit margin, the equation is net profit of 0 divided by 12 million of total revenue is 0 % profit margin. Note that we have gone from a 12.5 % profit margin to 0%. Cash flow is net income plus non cash or depreciation value, so we add 0 plus 3 million to give us a cash flow of 3 million which is no change from initial figure. 4. Explain the difference between cash and accrual accounting. Be sure to include a discussion of the revenue recognition and matching principles. According to Gapenski 2008, the cash method is the process by which an economic event is recognized when a cash transaction actually takes place. It is considered simple and easy to use. Some might want to use this method when just starting a small business. Cash accounting does a good job of tracking cash flow, but does a poor job of matching revenues earned with monies laid out for expenses (Epstein, 2011). The accrual method is recognized when an obligation is created. This method is considered more complicated, yet it provides a better picture of true economic status of a business. Most would say that this is the preferred method according to generally applied accounting principles (Gapenski, 2008). It has two key components such as the revenue recognition that requires that revenues be recognized in the period in which it was earned while the matching principle requires that an organization’s expenses be matched with revenues in which it is connected to. One might want to use this principle once a small business has gotten on its feet. The accrual method does a good job of matching revenues and expenses, but it does a poor job of tracking cash (Epstein, 2011). Because you record revenue when the transaction occurs and not when you collect the cash, your income statement can look profitable even if you don’t have cash in the bank (Epstein, 2011). 5. Explain the difference between equity section of a not for profit business and an investor-owned business. According to Gapenski 2008, the financial statements of investor- owned and not-for-profit firms are similar except for transactions such as tax payments that are applicable only to one form of ownership. They both strive to increase assets and decrease debts and other liabilities; however, the difference lies within the line of business (Gapenski, 2008). One difference in the balance sheets of a not-for-profit organization and a for-profit business is the name or title shown in its heading. In a nonprofit, the name of this financial statement is the statement of financial position. In the for-profit business this financial statement is the balance sheet (Accounting Coach, 2011). Another difference is the section that presents the difference between the total assets and total liabilities. The nonprofit’s statement of financial position refers to this section as net assets, whereas the for-profit business will refer to this section as owner’s equity or stockholders’ equity (Accounting Coach, 2011). The two types of equity shown on a business balance sheet are retained earnings and new stock sales whereas on a not-for-profit financial statement there can be retained earnings, but it can’t sale common stock to raise funds (Small Business, 2011). Non profit establishments raise funds through grants and donations for specific causes such as needs, healthcare, and education (Ramjee, 1999). Assets for investor-owned firms include furniture, computers, equipment, investments and security deposits; however, a not-for-profit organization’s assets are not as complex (Ramjee, 1999).

Harry Potter and the Sorcerer essays

Harry Potter and the Sorcerer essays Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone I have to admit that I was rather upset to find out that we had to read this book. I have never been interested in science fiction/fantasy stories before, and I never understood what all the hype about Harry Potter was all about. As I reluctantly began to read the story, I soon found myself tearing through the pages eager to find out what happened next. As the story began, I was reminded of Cinderella. Just as Cinderellas stepmother and stepsisters treated her unfairly, Harry too grew up in a home unwanted and unloved. Both Cinderella and Harry watched their sibling(s) being doted on and spoiled with lavish gifts as they were forced to accept hand-me-downs, perform all the chores, and receive only the bare necessities needed to survive. After both grew up not knowing any other way of life, they were both magically rescued and taken away to enjoy all the riches that their families would envy. I could identify with Harrys character on many levels. I know what its like first hand to go somewhere where everything is foreign and new. Two years ago, I traveled with a friend of mine to Italy. Unable to speak the language and unaccustomed to the culture, like Harry during his first few days at school, I too had extreme difficulty finding my way around and trying to blend in. People stared at me like I was some strange creature when I didnt understand what they were saying to me. Simple things like dining out in a restaurant were difficult for me to do. The money was different, the time of day was different, I had all the wrong clothes, and the people and their culture were entirely different to what I have been accustomed to. I could only imagine the culture shock that Harry encountered when he left the Muggle world. I also found myself recounting my first days at a public high school after having attended a small, private C ...

Free Essays on Arts

The Arts play a large role in the expression of inner thoughts and beauty in my life. From dance and music to abstract art our concept of life is shown through the various ways in which we interpret it. We use the Arts as a means of touching that part of us that we cannot reach with Physical Science, Social Science, or any of the Humanities. The arts allow us to be as specific or as abstract as we please. It helps us become closer to ourselves and to others around us. Though there has been a lot of confusion as to what the true definition of â€Å"good art† is, how we show others what is going on in our minds and inner souls cannot be judged, graded, criticized or revised by anyone other than ourselves. The arts play a valued role in creating cultures and developing and documenting civilizations. The arts teach us how to communicate through creative expression. Show us how to understand human experiences, past and present. Prepare us to adapt to and respect the ways others think, work, and express themselves. Music, singing, dancing, poetry, and sketching are just a few of the different forms of art that I use to express myself in a way that I enjoy. Because each art discipline appeals to different senses and expresses itself through different media, each adds a special richness to the learning environment. Arts help people Learn to identify, appreciate, and participate in the traditional and non-traditional art forms of their own communities and the communities of others. Art teaches us how to be imaginative, creative, and reflective. Different art forms help us develop the verbal and nonverbal abilities necessary for lifelong learning. The intellectual demands of the arts help us develop problem-solving abilities and such powerful thinking skills as analyzing and evaluating. Numerous studies point toward a consistent and positive comparison between concrete education in the arts and student achievement in other subjects. A progr... Free Essays on Arts Free Essays on Arts The Arts play a large role in the expression of inner thoughts and beauty in my life. From dance and music to abstract art our concept of life is shown through the various ways in which we interpret it. We use the Arts as a means of touching that part of us that we cannot reach with Physical Science, Social Science, or any of the Humanities. The arts allow us to be as specific or as abstract as we please. It helps us become closer to ourselves and to others around us. Though there has been a lot of confusion as to what the true definition of â€Å"good art† is, how we show others what is going on in our minds and inner souls cannot be judged, graded, criticized or revised by anyone other than ourselves. The arts play a valued role in creating cultures and developing and documenting civilizations. The arts teach us how to communicate through creative expression. Show us how to understand human experiences, past and present. Prepare us to adapt to and respect the ways others think, work, and express themselves. Music, singing, dancing, poetry, and sketching are just a few of the different forms of art that I use to express myself in a way that I enjoy. Because each art discipline appeals to different senses and expresses itself through different media, each adds a special richness to the learning environment. Arts help people Learn to identify, appreciate, and participate in the traditional and non-traditional art forms of their own communities and the communities of others. Art teaches us how to be imaginative, creative, and reflective. Different art forms help us develop the verbal and nonverbal abilities necessary for lifelong learning. The intellectual demands of the arts help us develop problem-solving abilities and such powerful thinking skills as analyzing and evaluating. Numerous studies point toward a consistent and positive comparison between concrete education in the arts and student achievement in other subjects. A progr...

How to Use the French Preposition Chez

How to Use the French Preposition Chez Anyone who has eaten at a French  restaurant  is familiar with the  French preposition  chez  since its often used with the name of the chef, as in  Chez Laura.  It is loosely translated as  at or in the  home or business place  of and can be used in a number of circumstances, including location or state of mind, as well as in common idiomatic expressions. This phrase has even crept into English, where its frequently used in restaurant names such as the iconic Chez Panisse in Berkeley, Calif. Uses and Examples Chez  is most commonly used to refer to a home or business, but it can also be employed to characterize someone or something or as part of an expression. For example:      chez mon oncle   at / to my uncles house  Ã‚  Ã‚  chez moi   at home, at / to my house  Ã‚  Ã‚  Carole est chez elle.   Carole is at home.      chez le mà ©decin   at / to the doctors (office)     chez lavocat   at / to the lawyers office      chez le boucher   at / to the butcher shop  Ã‚  Ã‚  chez le coiffeur   at / to the barbershop, hairdresser     une robe de chez Dior  Ã‚  Ã‚  a Dior dress,  a dress designed by Dior     (une coutume) chez les Franà §ais (a custom) among the French  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest typique chez les politiciens.  Its typical of politicans.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒâ€¡a se trouve souvent chez les vaches.  You often find that among cows.     chez les Grecs   in  ancient Greece / among the ancient Greeks     chez la femme in women / among women      Chez lui, cest une habitude   Its a habit with him.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest bizarre chez un enfant.   Thats strange for a child.      chez Molià ¨re   in Molià ¨res work / writing     chez Van Gogh   in Van Goghs art       chacun chez soi     everyone should look to his own affairs      cest une coutume  / un accent bien de chez nous  Ã‚  its a typical local custom/accent  Ã‚     Ã‚  chez-soi at home     Ã‚  fais comme chez toi   make yourself at home     Ã‚  In an address:  chez M. Durand  Ã‚  care of Mr.  Durand  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  elle la raccompagnà © chez lui   pied   she walked him home        elle la raccompagnà © chez lui en voiture she gave him a lift / a ride home     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     rentrer chez soi  / rester chez soi to go home / to stay at home

Redcuding carbon emssion on UK properties Essay

Redcuding carbon emssion on UK properties - Essay Example â€Å"The significance of historic buildings clearly encompasses the architectural and aesthetic values†¦, associations with historic people and events, examples of technological innovations, aspects of social history and links with a building’s setting and other heritage assets.† (English Heritage 2011). Due to such crucial importance historic buildings are protected and also continuous refurbishments are made to it. However, at the same time, these historic buildings may not have sustainable designs and features. That is, these buildings because of their designs and other things could make negative Carbon imprint and thereby have environment damaging features. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is one of the key Greenhouse Gases, which has many negative effects on the environment and also human living. It is widely considered to be the main cause of global warming and other pollutions, thus forcing governments of many countries including the UK government to come up with restr iction on CO2 emissions. In the construction and property development industries, the contemporary ‘climate’ or trend is against using eco-damaging products, and go for environmentally friendly products and also sustainable designs. Due to that trend, the industry has maximally adjusted or adjusting to the demand of the people and the government agencies, by using of eco-friendly products in the construction of buildings and various other structures. Thus, the final constructed building will be â€Å"environmentally friendly† or â€Å"green† in the every sense of the word. This usage of environmentally friendly or eco-friendly products and features will not only provide positive benefits to the occupants, but also to various sections from neighbors to the whole community. However, as majority of the historic buildings do not feature these products and sustainable designs, and importantly as it is difficult to completely refurbish them with sustainable desi gns, views has emerged to bring down those environmentally problematic buildings, in order to cut down the CO2 emissions from it. Thus, this paper will first discuss about the targets and the related legislations formulated by the UK government to reduce Carbon emissions. Then, although if a historic building cannot meet government targets of reduction in carbon emission, and importantly even if it finds difficult to carry out the needed sustainable refurbishments, it should not be replaced due to certain limitations, instead certain effective strategies can be followed to refurbish in line with government legislations and regulations. Carbon dioxide is emitted in various industrial sectors from energy, mechanical to the construction industries, etc, etc., and by various objects including automobiles, various electrical and electronic appliances, etc. The commonly known fact is humans normally exhale carbon dioxide, and so if there build up of it in the human body, it can kill that person. So, the maximum carbon emission and the resultant exposure of it on humans, as well as natural environment to it, are leading to grave problems. Due to high CO2 emissions, human health is

The Underlying Theory of Fingerprinting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

The Underlying Theory of Fingerprinting - Essay Example The underlying theory regarding the practice of fingerprinting is the concept that no two people in the world possessed identical sets of fingerprints (Zhang, 2001; Epstein, 2002; Specter, 2002; Kumar & Shama, 2009; Cole, 2001, 2005; Leibhan, 2003). This particular theory is the guiding principle with which developments pertinent to fingerprinting has been pursued. In this regard, the following are the findings of the research. First, the concept of fingerprinting as a mechanism for purposes of identification has been known since the ancient period (Specter, 2002; Cole 2001). However, the current trend of utilizing fingerprinting for purposes of identifying, investigating and solving crimes is a current advancement in the field, which is brought about by developments in science and technology together with the condition of increased mobility of people (Sombat, 2006; Cole, 2005; Epstein, 2002). This conceptual finding is significant because it highlights the fact that first, fingerprinting is a recognized tool that a can be used for identification regardless of genre or period in history. Second, from the historical rooting of fingerprinting one can impugned that fingerprinting has been adopted as early as the nineteenth century for criminal investigation. Finally, third, the contemporary concept of fingerprinting is a result of the coming together of science, technology, judiciary, increased mobility of peo ple brought about by globalisation and demands in the contemporary society. This figure shows that the current understanding of fingerprinting is a result of the coming together of several factors that can be rooted from the historical tradition that has been traced in this research.

Economics of Advertising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Economics of Advertising - Essay Example No company can imagine economic growth without this strong tool called advertisement. Even non-profit organizations and public authorities to promote national programmes such as health campaign, anti drug campaign, literacy drive, cultural mission etc use this vehicle to reach their people. Some organizations which frequently spend large sums of money on advertising but do not strictly sell a product or service to the public, include political parties, interest groups, religion-supporting organizations, and militaries looking for new recruits. Additionally, some non-profit organizations are not typical advertising clients and rely upon free channels, such as public service announcements. The advertising industry is large and growing. In the United States alone in 2005, spending on advertising reached $144.32 billion, reported TNS Media Intelligence. That same year, according to a report titled Global Entertainment and Media Outlook: 2006-2010 issued by global accounting firm Pricewat erhouseCoopers, worldwide advertising spending was $385 billion. The accounting firm's report projected worldwide advertisement spending to exceed half-a-trillion dollars by 2010. Nowadays, advertisement has become the common medium of commercial interaction in competitive bids. Advertising has gone through five major stages of development: domestic, export, international, multi-national, and global. For global advertisers, there are four, potentially competing, business objectives that must be balanced when developing worldwide advertising.... me organizations which frequently spend large sums of money on advertising but do not strictly sell a product or service to the public, include political parties, interest groups, religion-supporting organizations, and militaries looking for new recruits. Additionally, some non-profit organizations are not typical advertising clients and rely upon free channels, such as public service announcements. The advertising industry is large and growing. In the United States alone in 2005, spending on advertising reached $144.32 billion, reported TNS Media Intelligence. That same year, according to a report titled Global Entertainment and Media Outlook: 2006-2010 issued by global accounting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers, worldwide advertising spending was $385 billion. The accounting firm's report projected worldwide advertisement spending to exceed half-a-trillion dollars by 2010. Nowadays, advertisement has become the common medium of commercial interaction in competitive bids. Advertising ha s gone through five major stages of development: domestic, export, international, multi-national, and global. For global advertisers, there are four, potentially competing, business objectives that must be balanced when developing worldwide advertising: building a brand while speaking with one voice, developing economies of scale in the creative process, maximizing local effectiveness of ads, and increasing the company's speed of implementation. Born from the evolutionary stages of global marketing are the three primary and fundamentally different approaches to the development of global advertising executions: exporting executions, producing local executions, and importing ideas that travel. (Global marketing Management, 2004, pg 13-18) MERITS OF ADVERTISEMENTS If a vehicle runs with an

How is academic performance affected by mood stabilizing medication on Research Paper

How is academic performance affected by mood stabilizing medication on school children - Research Paper Example The range of disorders that mood stabilizers can be used to treat include bipolar disorder 1, bipolar disorder 2, cyclothymia, schizoaffective disorder, intermittent explosive disorder, any medical condition in which mania is a symptom (such as stroke, cancer, temporal lobe syndrome), recurrent depression as a prophylaxis, etc (Jacobson, 2001). Bipolar disorder is often seen in children suffering from ADHD, along with several other co-morbid conditions. Mood stabilizers are used to treat several disorders in which aggression, agitation and impulsivity are symptoms. Aggressive behavior is common in several other disorders such as conduct disorders, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, mental retardation, deliriums and dementia. Along with agitation, the child may also have accompanying psychosis, mood changes, anxiety, and insomnia. However, mood stabilizers have a range of positive and negative effects, and a lot of consideration is given to the effect of the drug over the academic p erformance of the child (Kane, 2004). In this paper, 10 handpicked studies from various databases including Cochrane, Pubmed, BMJ and Google Scholar were being analyzed for findings regarding the effect of mood stabilizers on the academic performance of school children. Taken into consideration were the impact of the disease itself, and the course of the disease with respect to the academic performance when treated or untreated with mood stabilizers. Though there are a number of effects of mood stabilizers on the academic performance, they are vital for effective management of the disease, and the treatment of such children has to be carefully evaluated. Body The first paper that is being reviewed is by Smarty and Findling 2007, in which they conducted a review of the psychopharmacology of a pediatric bipolar disorder. According to the researchers, the disorder itself is debilitating to the child and may have long-term and short-term implications in the school, home or in social settings, and can also affect the academic performance of the child. Besides several other disorders such as ADHD, OPP, substance abuse and conduct disorders can affect Bipolar disorder, which in turn can affect the effectiveness of the treatment of bipolar disorder. This is an important point to be taken into consideration whilst assessing the overall effectiveness of the drugs belonging to the mood stabilizers group. The authors conducted a Medline search over the articles published between 1995 and 2006 for treatment practices for bipolar disorders. The study found that lithium, anticonvulsants and antipsychotics were equally beneficial in the treatment of the mania phase bipolar disorders in youth, though data was lacking with the depressive phase of the disorder. Data even suggested that combination therapy was better than monotherapy especially in the maniac or mixed phases. Besides, many studies did not present much information on the treatment of cormobidities and relapses with the disease. The study in general sugg ested treatment of cormobidities and relapses using evidence-based guidelines, as these could affect the academ

Public Sphere Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Public Sphere Theory - Essay Example Thereby, the public sphere makes possible the emancipation of its participants. In his The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, Habermas presents a socio-historical study of the rise, structure and disintegration of the public sphere. He ascribes the disintegration of public dialogue to the predominance of instrumental reason, that is, of a means-end rationality, in contemporary societies. This orientation has led to the impoverishment of cultural tradition and normative structures, on which individuals draw in the process of coming to an understanding. From the critical perspective, the concepts of public sphere and debate are intrinsically connected, because the latter usually constitutes a prerequisite for public sphere to form. Simultaneously, the focus on rationality in the theory of public sphere constitutes an important characteristic and has significant impact on public discourse. Ideas articulated by Jrgen Habermas provide one with guidance to understand the problem of rationality in public sphere and discourse. According to Bohman, Habermas developed a two-level social theory that includes an analysis of communicative rationality and a theory of modern society and modernization. From the critical perspective, the final goal of any public discourse or interaction is a mutual recognition and understanding, not the debate itself. Consequently, interaction cannot be rationalized according to the strategic selection of means, but has to be rationalized based on the reciprocal expectations that guide interaction. Habermas (1979) emphasizes that Whereas the rationalization of purposive-rational action depends on the accumulation of true (empirically or analytically true) knowledge, the rationalizable aspect of communicative action has nothing to do with propositional truth; but has everything to do with the truthfulness of intentional expressions and with the lightness of norms (p.119) Thus, when Habermas speaks of "rationalizing" public discourse, he does not mean imposing a pre-existing set of values, such as those presented by the concept of reason. Rather, Habermas understands by rationalization the process of freeing public debate from those forces that distort communication. These forces thereby prevent the attainment of consensus or agreement arrived free from coercion. In an attempt to define the process of coming to an understanding, Habermas differentiates communicative action from communicative act. A communicative act involves the sharing of factual information and the coordination of action. Communicative action, on the other hand, employs language as a means towards reaching understanding. To this end, participants must have acquired what Habermas terms, communicative competence. That is, participants not only must be able to form grammatically coherent sentences, but must also have developed the ability of critical reflection. He had described this process as the starting point of socio-cultural development in Towards a Reconstruction of Historical Materialism. Now, it becomes a prerequisite for social change and, of course, public discourse and public sphere formation. Whereas communicative acts remain indifferent to the motivations informing statements, communicative act

How is academic performance affected by mood stabilizing medication on Research Paper

How is academic performance affected by mood stabilizing medication on school children - Research Paper Example The range of disorders that mood stabilizers can be used to treat include bipolar disorder 1, bipolar disorder 2, cyclothymia, schizoaffective disorder, intermittent explosive disorder, any medical condition in which mania is a symptom (such as stroke, cancer, temporal lobe syndrome), recurrent depression as a prophylaxis, etc (Jacobson, 2001). Bipolar disorder is often seen in children suffering from ADHD, along with several other co-morbid conditions. Mood stabilizers are used to treat several disorders in which aggression, agitation and impulsivity are symptoms. Aggressive behavior is common in several other disorders such as conduct disorders, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, mental retardation, deliriums and dementia. Along with agitation, the child may also have accompanying psychosis, mood changes, anxiety, and insomnia. However, mood stabilizers have a range of positive and negative effects, and a lot of consideration is given to the effect of the drug over the academic p erformance of the child (Kane, 2004). In this paper, 10 handpicked studies from various databases including Cochrane, Pubmed, BMJ and Google Scholar were being analyzed for findings regarding the effect of mood stabilizers on the academic performance of school children. Taken into consideration were the impact of the disease itself, and the course of the disease with respect to the academic performance when treated or untreated with mood stabilizers. Though there are a number of effects of mood stabilizers on the academic performance, they are vital for effective management of the disease, and the treatment of such children has to be carefully evaluated. Body The first paper that is being reviewed is by Smarty and Findling 2007, in which they conducted a review of the psychopharmacology of a pediatric bipolar disorder. According to the researchers, the disorder itself is debilitating to the child and may have long-term and short-term implications in the school, home or in social settings, and can also affect the academic performance of the child. Besides several other disorders such as ADHD, OPP, substance abuse and conduct disorders can affect Bipolar disorder, which in turn can affect the effectiveness of the treatment of bipolar disorder. This is an important point to be taken into consideration whilst assessing the overall effectiveness of the drugs belonging to the mood stabilizers group. The authors conducted a Medline search over the articles published between 1995 and 2006 for treatment practices for bipolar disorders. The study found that lithium, anticonvulsants and antipsychotics were equally beneficial in the treatment of the mania phase bipolar disorders in youth, though data was lacking with the depressive phase of the disorder. Data even suggested that combination therapy was better than monotherapy especially in the maniac or mixed phases. Besides, many studies did not present much information on the treatment of cormobidities and relapses with the disease. The study in general sugg ested treatment of cormobidities and relapses using evidence-based guidelines, as these could affect the academ

Over Sea under Stone by Susan Cooper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Over Sea under Stone by Susan Cooper - Essay Example So, the children get their Great Uncle Merry to help and protect them. After many exciting adventures, they find the chalice. But to protect it from capture, they throw it to their great Uncle whose waiting for them in a boat just off the shore. Great Uncle merry catches the chalice but a tube which was inside it falls into the sea. This is going to be the start of a new adventure for the Drew brothers and sister. The idea of setting the story in Cornwall came to me after long, hard thinking. In the first place, it had to be somewhere in England because the adventure relates to the legend of King Arthur and his knights. In the second place, I did not want to set the story in an imaginary place but, in a real place which was still full of mystery. After putting all this together, I came up with Cornwall. It's a very remote seaside part of England. It's also a very exciting and mysterious place. Many ancient artifacts were discovered there over the years and the weather in Cornwall is mostly foggy and dark much of the time. Therefore, it has a very adventurous, ancient and dangerous atmosphere. I thought, because of all that, it would be an ideal setting. The three children, of course, are very brave. However, they are also very knowledgeable.

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Essay Example for Free

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Essay The central idea is the author’s implied comment on the subject of the story. In The Lottery, by Shirley Jackson, the central idea being told in the story is the danger of blindly following tradition because of traditions mark on society. Tradition plays a huge role in our society; it provides reason for certain actions amongst a community without really ever having a reason to do something outrageous to begin with. Jackson points out our human flaws by creating a story which seems wrong and unlawful by many people so that people could see that they take part in pointless festivities backed up by their tradition. The story has its way of getting to your head, constantly leaving one with unanswered questions and looming thoughts behind the motif of this story. In The Lottery, Jackson provides us with numerous amounts of details about the day of the lottery. The details are specific and play a huge part of the setting. In the first paragraph, Jackson describes the setting by giving us the date (June 27), time (about 10 a.m.), and temperature (warm). In this scene Jackson lists a couple of more important information such as the flowers and green grass, the town square, and the post office and bank. She even explains the specifics of the town, like how many people are living there, or which town neighbors this one, just so that we can see the difference between an older community who takes part in tradition, and a younger community who has forgotten the principles of tradition. All of these details account for the setting which acts as a huge role in understanding the central idea. Because Jackson sets the story firmly in a specific time and place, the reader may suggest that she does this so that one could recount the tradition of the lottery. The story continues with specifics in detail and sharp images that tend to build suspense towards every oncoming sentence. Jackson paints a world so familiar to us, and then twists reality around when unusual punishment takes its place through pure violence and disturbing images. More often than not, the setting supports the central idea of the story, so any changes in the story significantly alter the story. For instance, it’s hard to believe that something terrible could happen on a sunny day, but when tension rises, and someone has to go, a change in weather occurs as Mr. Summers lets the rest of the papers go with the breeze (a sudden wind pattern that wasn’t mentioned at all prior to this moment). Questions rise as to why many of the villagers left out many of the rituals of the tradition like the singing and the formal addressing of the people but did not forget about the most important part, the stoning. Jackson makes it clear that all that was remembered about the tradition were the violent parts. All the other bits and pieces of the tradition were forgotten so that the villagers could embrace that secure moment of killing. It may seem harsh, but it truly portrays the fin bit of blindly following tradition. The villagers’ acceptance of the lottery has allowed for an annual event to take place, that for some reason, no one can change. The villagers’ are powerless in accepting change, although no one is forcing them from keeping with their tradition around. The villagers’ are aware of how bad this is, but the fact that it’s a tradition merely suggests that it will keep going on, and for no reason to. In The Lottery, Old Man Warner suggests that it would be a foolish thing to do if they had stopped the lottery when he says,† Pack of crazy fools†¦listening to the young folks, nothings good enough for them. Next thing you know, theyll be wanting to go back to living in caves, nobody work any more, live hat way for a while. Used to be a saying about Lottery in June, corn be heavy soon. First thing you know, wed all be eating stewed chickweed and acorns. Theres always been a lottery† (Jackson). And when he says, â€Å"There’s always been a lottery,† it is easy to conduct reasoning behind Jackson’s main point on loosely accepting tradition for what it is. For the villagers’, tradition is all the justification they need to continue on with their malicious actions.

Schizophrenia: Risk Factors, Cognition and Structure

Schizophrenia: Risk Factors, Cognition and Structure John Rogers Schizophrenia: a review of risk factors, cognitive deficits, structural and function abnormalities. Introduction Occurring in about 1% of the world’s population, schizophrenia is a disorder of abnormal cognition encompassing oddities in perception, thinking, attention, learning, inhibition, memory, manner relating to and others (Cunningham Peters, 2014). Traditionally, schizophrenia has been broken down into several subtypes depending on the symptomology expressed (e.g. paranoid, disorganized, schizoaffective, catatonic). The symptomology of the disease is subdivided into both positive and negative classifications, as well as cognitive deficits. Positive symptoms implicated in the disease include delusion, hallucination, disorganized speech or clang associations, whereas negative symptoms include emotional flattening, asociality, anhedonia or avolition (Butcher, 2010).      This essay has four main aims. Firstly, while a definitive cause of schizophrenia still eludes us, an abundance of research has identified a wide array of biological and psychosocial risk factors and these aetiological factors will be outlined. Secondly, cognitive deficits associated with the disorder will be outlined. This section will highlight the widespread variety of cognitive deficits presented in patients and discuss some of the batteries of cognitive tests developed in assessing the extent of these shortfalls. Subsequently the structural abnormalities associated with the disease will be briefly revised, along with some of the confines of structural studies. Additionally the essay aims explore whether schizophrenia is a progressive disorder or solely a disorder of neurodevelopment based on structural analysis. Prior to concluding, the essay will review some findings from fMRI studies investigating the functional connectivity within the schizophrenic brain and how they relate to both the positive and negative symptoms presented in the illness. Furthermore, the limitations of fMRI studies, born out of a lack of precision of hemodynamic response measurements will be highlighted by analysing the results of an experiment examining activation during a working memory task. Aetiology The aetiology of schizophrenia is complex and cannot be reduced down to a single causal factor. This is evident when we consider the subtypes and indeed individual cases of the illness deviate massively in their presentation, responsiveness to treatment and illness trajectory (Moore, Kelleher Corvin, 2011). An abundance of research into the cause of the disorder suggests that a combination of predispositional physiological factors and a multitude of environmental risk factors result in brain pathways developing abnormally. Schizophrenia is a polygenic disease and thus cannot be explained by one mutated gene. Eyles, Feldon Meyer (2012) have identified 40 genes implicated in the development of the disease, signifying that it is a cocktail within a certain genotype that confers susceptibility to the illness. A study by Tinari et al. (2004) found that the genotype for higher risk in the illness only resulted in schizophrenia when an individual grew up in a dysfunctional vs. heathy family, suggesting that while biology provides the tinder, environment produces the spark. The dopamine hypothesis has stood out as the more proficient biological theory to date in investigating the causes of schizophrenia. While originally thought to be a functional excess of dopamine, research has indicated that it is actually increased receptor density and sensitivity, (particularly super-sensitivity at the D2 receptors; Wong et al. 1986) that may contribute to susceptibility of the disease (Butcher, 2010). Other successful biologically based studies into the aetiology of schizophrenia include the glutamate hypothesis, hormone studies and twin hereditary studies (see Cunningham Peters for review, 2014). Although the aforementioned studies and approaches are useful in understanding the illness, they all share a common limitation; they each ignore the environmental and developmental factors that may contribute more to the onset of the illness than genetics (Bagby Juhasz, 2013). Cannabis use has been closely related to the onset of schizophrenia, with young males who use being at significantly greater risk of developing the illness (Zammit et al., 2002). Moreover, 75% of individuals presenting with first-episode psychosis use the drug regularly (Archie et al., 2007) although some believe the correlation with high usage rates is due to self-medication (D’souza et al., 2005). Other well documented psychosocial risk factors include urban living, immigration, childhood experiences of trauma or neglect and immunological factors (for review see Cunningham and Peters, 2014) Cognitive deficits About 60-80% of schizophrenic patients display cognitive deficits (Lewis, 2004) across a multitude of domains including; attention, memory, processing speed, social cognition, reasoning and verbal learning (Keefe Harvey, 2012; Green et al. 2004). A study by Keefe et al., (2005) found that 98% of patients perform more poorly on cognitive tests than would be predicted by their parent’s education level. Additionally, a collection of studies have shown that cognitive impairment can reach two standard deviations below a healthy control mean (for review see Keefe Harvey, 2012). The MATRICS (measurement and treatment research in cognition in schizophrenia; Green et al., 2004) project has developed a battery of ten tests (MATRICS Consensus Cognitive battery; MCCB) in order to access cognitive functioning across these domains (see fig. 1) Fig 1. Shows the severity and profile of cognitive impairment in patients using the MCCB (Keefe et al. 2011a) This spread of cognitive deficits manifest itself across numerous domains from social to financial and occupational. For example, poor attention or attentive vigilance may result in an individual being unable to follow instructions or concentrate on a task in an occupational setting, or follow individual or group conversations in a social setting. Furthermore, schizophrenic individuals experience deficits in social cognition that create further difficulty within these settings such as theory-of-mind task performance (Tan et al., 2005) and perception of negative emotions, fear and facial affect in others (Penn et al, 1997). Research suggests that some of the cognitive deficits implicated in schizophrenia may develop prior to the onset of the disorder. A study by Jones Rodgers (1994) identified 30 individuals with schizophrenia from a random sample of 5000 individuals born in 1946. All subjects had been tested for non-verbal, verbal and reading abilities, arithmetic, and vocabulary, at ages 8, 11 and 15. Their progressively low scores in relation to heathy peers indicated a risk factor for the disease. These results should be approached with caution as a dysfunctional home environment may also affect both the academic ability in children as well as contribute to the onset of the illness. Nevertheless, other research has found similar results suggesting the cognitive deficit in a young person is a significant risk factor (Caspi et al., 2003; Erlenmeyer-Kimling et al. 2000). Although the impact of antipsychotic medications on neurocogniton provides minimal benefits to patients (Keefe Harvey, 2012), recent research has shown that patients who receive psychosocial support preform significantly better on several cognitive tasks than those who do not, suggesting that such interventions may be beneficial to those suffering with the disorder (Dalagdi et al., 2014). Structural abnormalities An abundance of research has aimed at identifying the structural deficits within schizophrenia. The most well documented deficits associated with the disorder are compromised white matter integrity (Kubicki et al., 2007) in addition to, a reduced grey matter volume across a range of neuroanatomical areas including the anterior cingulate, frontal and temporal lobes, hippocampus/amygdala and the thalamus (Shepard et al. 2002). Moreover, dorsolateral prefrontal cells have a simple dendritic organisation, indicating fewer synapses than a heathy individual (Kolb Whishaw, 2009) What remains a source of debate within the literature of the brain structure of schizophrenia is whether the disorder is progressive throughout the life-span or is strictly a neurodevelopmental disorder. While the lion’s share of the sMRI research posits that the illness progressively affects both grey and white matter (for meta-analysis see Olabi et al., 2011), others have suggested that the ‘progressive’ structural abnormalities observed could more be a consequence of numerous confounding variables (e.g. low physical activity, smoking, stress, alcohol, cannabis, anti-psychotic medication ; Zipursky, Reilly Murray, 2012). Furthermore, Zipursky et al. (2012) argue there is an absence of evidence of any toxic effect of psychosis on brain tissue. Zhang et al., (2014) used diffusion tensor imaging and a cross-sectional design in order to investigate whether schizophrenia produces progressive brain abnormalities. They found that schizophrenic patients showed lower fractional anisotropy (diffusion in the cells) values in the corpus callosum and corona radiate, and that these values were negatively correlated with the age of the patient. These researchers used a cross-sectional design and a majority of drug-naà ¯ve participants in an attempt to control for any medication effects, however, in doing this they open their results to scrutiny by drawing inferences about differences in two different brains. There are several limitations in structural studies in schizophrenia. Firstly, it’s very difficult to measure the effect of anti-psychotics on the brain without a control group of drug naà ¯ve patients. Given the debilitating nature of the illness, it’s difficult to find older patients that have not been medicated for long periods of time. Furthermore, if these patients are severely psychotic, it may prove impossible to test them, meaning some samples aren’t a true representation of the population. Secondly, there are causal problems in the structural studies. Consider, for example, an experiment using sMRI undertaken by Fornito et al., (2012). Their results showed schizophrenic patients have altered interregional connectivity and hypoactivation in the prefrontal cortex. What remains unclear is whether schizophrenic patients have these altered patterns of activation are a cause or are a consequence of the disorder. Functional abnormalities Schizophrenia is believed to be a disorder arising from disturbances in brain connectivity (Fornito et al., 2012) and that these disruptions prevent functionality in cognitive domains which often require communication between several distinct regions (Konrad Winterer, 2008). An analysis of resting functional connectivity of the disorder by Venkataraman et al. (2012) posits that patients display two distinct patterns when compared with healthy controls and that these patterns are correlated with the symptomology expressed. Abnormally increased connectivity between the medial parietal and frontal lobes was correlated with the presentation of positive symptoms, whereas decreased connectivity between medial parietal and temporal regions, and the temporal cortex, bilaterally corresponded with the presentation of negative symptoms (Venkataraman et al. 2012). Functional studies in schizophrenia typically use fMRI, which measures hemodynamic response related to changes in neural activity. While their usefulness in neuropsychology cannot be overstated, they are not without their limitations due to their precision. Consider for example the following experiment by Royer et al. (2009). This study found that even though schizophrenic individuals did not perform as well as the healthy groups in the working memory task (n-back), patients that did do well showed hyper-activation in the prefrontal and parietal lobes when compared to the control. Furthermore, fMRI showed increased activity in the superior frontal sulcus (self-awareness) and the posterior parietal cortex (planning of movement, attentional maintenance, response preparation/monitoring; Royer et al. (2009)) during successful trails. Here we run into a problem due to the lack of precision in the fMRI. While we can now observe frontal-parietal over-activation, we cannot distinguish whether this suggests either or both; (i) a compensatory mechanism allowing patients to perform well despite impaired cognitive functioning or, (ii) over-activation in the parietal areas corresponds to the BA 40 area (short term memory), suggesting improved effort (Royer et al., 2009). Conclusion Ultimately, schizophrenia is one of the most horrific examples of what can happen when the brain goes wrong. The disorder has a huge social and financial burden on sufferers, family members and healthcare systems. While there is no single cause of the disease, at least that we know of, research has shown the disorder to have a wide variety of risk factors in both biological and psychosocial domains. Schizophrenia presents itself in a wide variety of moderately to severely debilitating cognitive deficits although very recent research has shown that psychosocial interventions may at least curve the extent of these shortfalls (Dalagdi et al., 2014), at least in individuals whose positive or negative symptoms are not too extreme. Structurally, schizophrenia can be observed as disorder of compromised white matter integrity (Kubicki et al., 2007), reduced grey matter within the frontal and temporal lobes, hippocampus/amygdala and the thalamus (Shepard et al., 2002) and simple dendritic organisation within the dorsolateral prefrontal cells. The jury is out on whether schizophrenia is a progressive or neurodevelopmental disorder and this is primarily due to the difficulty in controlling for variables such as the effects of anti-psychotic medications, stress, and long term institutionalisation may have on brain structure. The positive or negative symptoms expressed in schizophrenia are related to the functional abnormalities in connectivity between the various brain regions (Venkataraman et al., 2012). While fMRI studies can provide us with valuable clues as to which brain regions are implicated in specific processes, there are issues with precision when comparing blood flow to activation is precise areas.

Flesh-eating Bacteria Essays -- essays research papers

Some call it “horror'; and some call it “the super germ';, but now, our always known “regular'; bacteria, those one-celled creatures once considered under control with antibiotics, have invaded our hospitals and headlines with a vengeance. The vengeance used against us is caused by an existing organism called necrotizing fasciitis, the so-called flesh-eating bacteria, caused by Group A streptococcus. What this organism does is progressively destroy the human body tissue all the way to the bone. This organism has amazingly outsmarted us of even our most potent drugs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In our community right now, medical researchers are testing antibiotics that may have chemicals to disable the resistance of this organism. But while research continues, it is vital to be aware of how these deadly germs spread and what we can do to prevent them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Long before humans discovered antibiotics, they existed in nature. So naturally, after penicillin was introduced, some germs were already naturally resistant to the drug. As we used more and more of the antibiotics, we incidentally caused drug-resistant germs to progress. So, even if you’ve never misused antibiotics, you could still become infected by bacterium most drugs won’t kill. For each drug, there are germs genetically programmed to survive- some w/ outer walls tough for antibiotic to cross, others with ways to dump the drugs back out before they can work, and yet others can inactivate the antibiotic. Even worse, by passing tiny packets of genetic material to other bacteria, these survivor germs sometimes also pass the formula for resistance to the other bacteria. The best way you can protect yourself and your family against drug-resistant bacteria is by using antibiotics correctly. Taking them when they’re not needed encourages the takeov er of drug-resistant strains in your body. (Redbook, pg.95) That’s because when antibiotics are given, the normal bacteria in your body are killed off, leaving lots of bacterial “parking spaces'; open. And the germ left to fill them is the drug-resistant ones. (Redbook, pg.95)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  So far, antibiotic resistance has not been a big problem with streptococcus A, the germ familiar to all of us for causing millions of cases of strep thr... ...k two nurses to change the dressing- one to lift the folds of skin and the other to pack the wound. Continuing to mark the date and the margins of the wound, Katie’s nurses and doctors were hoping for a survival. Nutritional support at this point was entered via gastrointestinal tubing and by this time Katie was going through major psychological wounds that needed healing as well. Sadly the doctors were not able to prepare Katie to go home. Despite fasciotomy and the surgery, her infection continued aggressively. Her wound after surgery had a foul-smelling drainage, which increased in amount every day. Local cellulitis developed at the IV site on her arm. Just 10 days after the first surgery she underwent a second infection spreading around her hip area. Despite all efforts by Katie and the hospital staff, she died of septic shock and multisystem organ failure after 30 days in intensive treatment. Although flesh-eating disease is always life threatening and in most cases re sults in a fatality, it doesn’t have to have an unhappy ending if you use prompt recognition and go to clinical expertise within the first sign of the disease. Don’t let it get you!

Drunk Driving is Not a Serious Offense Essay example -- Reduce DUI Pen

Driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) has become an issue of national concern, a both state and federal levels (2Githens and Sloan 403). Hearty fines, jail time and a revoking of the convict’s license follow most DUI offenses. DUI penalties need to be decreased and cause of conviction needs to be addressed, because people who are not criminals are going to jail, and enduring insurance fees even though these punishments have been shown to not decrease drinking and driving. Officers are given too much discretion to choose who get convicted, and who doesn’t, being convicted of a DUI can be life changing and should not be taken lightly. Most DUI offenses are detected as a result of direct observation of suspicious behavior, which is up to the discretion of the police officer observing the situation. In police initiated stops, the officer is the only witness to see the violation and is given great power in deciding to pull over the driver or not (Mastrofski, Ritti and Snipes 113-148). The police officer also decides if the law will be enforced or not. The main issue with this is that discrimination could occur very easily, because police can be persuaded by certain factors, including race and gender, to decide whether to arrest the driver or not. Police ethnographies suggest that the decision to arrest for common offenses is viewed by officers as part of there everyday work, whereas their superior officers tend to view an arrest as a â€Å"product†, which contributes to the departments identity, its effectiveness, and efficiency (Mastrofski, Ritti and Snipes 115). Differences in views suggest that the officer s out on the street are looking for people to pull over instead of looking for people that they can assist, as the... ..." Philosophy and Public Affairs 1st ser. 23 (1994): 52-73. Web. 2 Nov. 2013. Jones, James D. "Identifying and Prosecuting Persons for Driving under the Influence of Drugs." Public Health Reports 6th ser. 102 (1987): 627-29. Web. 7 Nov. 2013. Mastrofski, Stephen D., Richard R. Ritti, and Jeffrey B. Snipes. "Expectancy Theory and Police Productivity in DUI Enforcement." Law & Society Review 1st ser. 28 (1994): 113-48. Web. 9 Nov. 2013. Ross, Laurence H. "The Neutralization of Severe Penalties: Some Traffic Law Studies." Law & Society 3rd ser. 10 (1976): 403-13. Web. 4 Nov. 2013. Rubenzer, Steven J. "The Standardized Field Sobriety Tests: A Review of Scientific and Legal Issues." Law and Human Sloan, Frank A., and Penny B. Githens. "Drinking, Driving, and the Price of Automobile Insurance." The Journal of Risk and Insurance 61.1 (1994): 33-58. Web. 6 Nov. 2013.

Bamya- Egyptian Food

Food and Nutrition ISP World cuisine Egypt Alex Easton The news of the Egyptian or lotus revolution has headed the media world-wide a few months ago. An uprising of the middle class Egyptians has led to overthrow the notorious Hosny Mubarak who had reigned Egypt for 30 long years. The Egyptians have overcome their fear of authority and had reached the point of no return. Unemployment, poverty, hungry and poor Egyptians now seek a better future for their country and for themselves. The Arab Republic of Egypt is a link between Africa, Europe and Asia.Egypt is located in the northeastern region of the African continent. Egypt has three major water resources, the river Nile, the longest river in the world, the Mediterranean Sea and the Red sea, however, only the river Nile provides palatable drinking water. Despite this, Egypt's climate is arid and dry and most of the country receives less than one inch of rainfall each year. The Mediterranean Sea may offer Egypt's northern coastline up to eight inches of rainfall each year, and keeps year –round temperatures cooler than the inland deserts.The widespread lack of rainfall makes it extremely difficult to grow crops. Egypt has no forests and only 2 percent of the land can be farmed. The river Nile runs from the south to the north of eastern Egypt and empties into the Mediterranean Sea at the delta, the most fertile land in Egypt. Around 95 percent of the countries population lives alongside the Nile River, including about 3 percent of Egypt's population in its capital, Cairo. This overcrowding is threatening Egypt's wildlife, recourses and water supply.The Egyptians still have a love of food inherited from their ancestors. Living on a fertile land that yields different fruits and vegetables all year round has enriched the Egyptian kitchen with a variety of food. Animals also show a variety, with different types of meat present; beef, veal, lamb, poultry and even camel meat is popular. The unique Egyptian cuisin e has been influenced by other neighbouring cuisines, Middle Eastern Turkish, Greek and Roman cuisines have influenced some of the Egyptian dishes available now. The Egyptian cuisine is also affected by the season's products.Bread and rice are present all year round as the wheat is made into flour and together with rice is a strategic grain in the kitchen. The varieties are in the selection of fruit and vegetables. Oranges, tangerines and citrus fruits are abundant in the winter starting from November, while watermelons, melons, mangoes and apples are available in the summer. The main vegetables available in summer are okra and molekheyia-a leafy green vegetable that is shredded and made as a soup. Potatoes, eggplants and other vegetables are available all year round.Despite the fertile land and the variety of crops, the Egyptians mostly are in poverty and in hunger . Food prices are at record levels partly due to population growth and increased demand from a recovering global econo my, tight supplies, high oil prices, and weak agricultural planning and production attributable to climate change-induced natural disasters and crop loss in key producing nations. The Egyptians are now trying hard to change the policies that were available in Mubarak's regime. The Egyptian revolution was ignited by a poor mans own will to burn himself in front of parliament as he could not feed his family anymore.Thirty years of government corruption, bribery and suspicious alliance with outside nations caused the Egyptians to rebel as they repeated â€Å"enough, enough†. The previous policies of Mubarak's government had impovered the Egyptian farmer and peasant, abolishing wheat farming, and accepting wheat from the USA, caused this uprising as bread prices had raised. In 1999, agriculture made up approximately 16 percent of Egypt's economy, employing about one-third of all Egyptians. However, Egypt's agriculture is also contributing to the slowing of economic growth. A shor tage of arable land (land that can be farmed) has become a serious problem.The lack of farmable land has caused Egyptian farmers to move to other countries. Egypt, struggling to consolidate a revolution that deposed President  Hosni Mubarak  in February, now faces what could be even worse turmoil because the country is running out of food as well as the money to buy it. Food prices went up 10. 7 percent in April compared to the same month in 2010, government statistics indicate. According to Al-Ahram, Egypt's leading daily, hoarding of rice by wholesalers has pushed prices up by 35 percent this year. Egypt is reported to have only four months' supply of wheat on hand and only one month's supply of rice.Egypt faces daunting challenges as it prepares for broad presidential and parliamentary elections within a year. Ongoing volatility in global food prices will strain resources during this critical transitional period. Still quite vague what the new government will do, the present change to democracy and the upcoming parlimental and presidential election is giving the Egyptians hope to a better future. Egypt is entering a new era, an era of real democracy and the will of its people, especially the youth to transform their country and create a new environment for prosperity.

Health and Health Promotion Essay

A traditional approach to health care in general is one in which the goal of intervention is disease management in an attempt to minimize the harmful effects of a health crisis. Once a health crisis occurs, the quality of life for an individual is already negatively impacted. Therefore, health promotion is an equally, if not more important, component of health care that aims to improve the quality of life. Through the primary prevention efforts of health promotion, emphasis on avoiding disease and adopting a healthy lifestyle offers the greatest opportunity for a healthy and fulfilling life. As primary care givers, nurses play an important role in health promotion by demonstrating proper attitudes and behavior modeling, by providing valuable patient education and by advocating for and empowering patients and their families. There are numerous nursing theories which provide a framework for nurses to employ health promoting strategies in their practice. Defining Health and Health Promo tion One of the most widely used definitions of health is that of the World Health Organization (WHO): â€Å"Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.† Since the publishing of the WHO definition, changes in population demographics, the aging of society, and the changing nature of disease have caused researchers to question the relevance of this definition in today’s world. One criticism is that the concept of complete health disregards those with chronic illnesses who can learn to live fulfilling lives (Huber et. al, 2011). According to O’Donnell (2009) health is not a constant  state, but a state that continually evolves with life circumstances. Regardless, health isclearly a complex state that exists both to, and apart from, its relationship to illness. Health promotion is a process that benefits both the individual and society. The essence of health promotion is the preservation of health. Caring for the sick is a reactive intervention to health care issues whereas health promotion is a proactive strategy for prevention. An important step necessary to shift the momentum of healthcare to a proactive role is making the public aware of how they can actively participate in managing and improving their own health. As noted by Jadelhack (2012), â€Å"Health promotion is carried out by and with people, not on or to people† (p. 85). Education is a key factor in this step, as well as providing people with the resources needed to live out strategies for a healthy lifestyle. Improved health reduces healthcare costs and improves the overall quality of life. The Role of Nursing Theory Nursing theory and nursing practice are interrelated processes, and neither one holds value without the other. Theories unapplied are speculative, and practice without purpose is ineffective. To adequately participate in health promotion strategies, nurses must understand the basis for, and the goal of, their practice. Two theories that demonstrate health promotion are Neuman’s Systems Model and Roy’s Adaptation Model of Nursing. Both models provide a solid framework for nurses to develop and employ health promotion strategies when caring for their patients. In the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), application of these theories can contribute to the health status of both infants and their families. These theories complement each other in the process of the developmental care practices that are found to be an essential component of health promotion in this unique patient population. Two Theories Betty Neuman’s System model focuses on how patients respond to environmental stressors, and on how nurses can help maintain wellness through the use of prevention strategies aimed at attaining, maintaining, or retaining what Neuman’s model refers to as patient system wellness. According to this theory, patients are multidimensional beings, having a physiological, psychological, socio-cultural, spiritual and developmental element.  Maintaining stability in all these elements is necessary for preserving the state of wellness. The internal environment, the external environment, and the created environment can both positively or negatively affect wellness. Neuman proposes that illness and death are the results of environmental stressors that deplete the patient’s energy resources needed to maintain a state of health. It would stand to reason then, if stressors are reduced or eliminated, less energy would be consumed and could be available for the process of health maintenance. Similarly, Sister CallistaRoy’s Adaptation Model addresses the interaction between an individual and their environment. This model considers an individual’s ability to adapt to a changing environment. According to Roy, adaptation involves how a person views themselves, their role in a situation, interdependence, and meeting physiological needs. Two important processes in the adaptation theory include an automatic physiological response and a coping mechanism which facilitate the adaptive process. Practical Application Both Neuman’s and Roy’s theories are applicable in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), a highly specialized area of nursing that cares for one of the most vulnerable patient populations; the preterm and critically ill infant. Both theories focus on the patient and their environment. The very nature of the NICU environment can negatively affect the infant who is already struggling with an imbalance in their internal environments. Immature physiological, structural, and neurological systems are not prepared to handle the external world outside the womb. Using Newman’s model, nursing practices aimed at reducing stress from the external environment and those facilitating stability within the internal environment of the infant are key to optimizing outcomes for the at-risk premature infant. The practice of developmentally supportive care evolved from the realization that preterm infants are not only affected by the external environment of the NICU, but are also a ctive members responding to their environment and caregivers (Gibbins et. al, 2008). Core measures for developmentally supportive care include protected sleep, pain and stress assessment and management, developmental activities of daily living, family-centered care and a healing environment are identified as health promotion interventions for the NICU patient (Coughlin, Gibbins, & Hoath,  2009). Practices such as cycled lighting, low noise levels, facilitated handling, and kangaroo care are measures which help reduce the negative effects of the NICU environment, stabilize the internal environment of the infant, and promote positive human relationships. The principles of Roy’s Adaptation Model can be applied to the process of family-centered care as it relates to a parent’s ability to adapt to the unexpected delivery of a premature infant. This unexpected event interferes with the psychosocial adaptation of the family, complicating transition to parenthood and the incorporation of a new child into the family system (Zimmerman & Bauersachs, 2012). Allowing parents to be active participants in their infant’s care is a key factor toward promoting emotional, psychological, and physical health of the members in the family unit. Barriers to Health Promotion Because of the unique environment of the NICU, barriers to health promotion activities through developmental and family-centered care efforts lie in family, health care provider and institutional challenges rather than in the NICU patient themselves. Problems with inadequate resources, insufficient staffing, and a lack of education and support for both nursing and parents often impede these efforts (Bamm & Rosenbaum, 2008). Interventions used in the stabilization of infants and competition for resources often draw nurses toward task oriented care, pushing parents to the â€Å"periphery of the NICU environment† (Galarza-Winton et. al., 2013). Fear, insecurity, and powerlessness are barriers for parents that can be abated by developing strong nurse-parent relationships based on mutual respect and trust, and through the promotion of family-centered care. Successful health promotion through developmental care practices are evidenced by parental bonding and confidence in caregiving as well as improved weight gain, earlier discharge, and improved developmental outcomes for infants. Conclusion Despite advances in health care, health care costs continue to rise. In 2006, costs in the U.S. exceeded two trillion dollars, with three-fourths of that money used to treat chronic diseases (Goetzel, 2009). Smoking, alcohol and drug use, obesity, inactivity, poor quality nutrition, and limited access to health care are all examples of modifiable risk factors that contribute to illness and chronic disease. Poor health reduces the general  quality of life and places a burden on individuals, families, and societies. Strategies for health promotion must be developed at many levels including the community, healthcare providers and the government. The aim of health promotion is empowering people to take responsibility for their health, as well as providing them with adequate preventative care. As Benjamin Franklin once noted â€Å"An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.† References Bamm, E., & Rosenbaum, P. (2008). Family-centered theory: Origins, development, barriers, and supports to implementation in rehabilitation medicine. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 89(8), 1618-1624. http://dx.doi.org/doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2007.12.034 Betty Neuman’s System Model. (2012). Retrieved April 30, 2014, from http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/Neuman.html Coughlin, M., Gibbins, S., & Hoath, S. (2009). Core measures for developmentally supportive care in neonatal intensive care units: theory, precedence and practice. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(10), 2239-2246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.0502.x Galarza-Winton, M., Dicky, T., O’Leary, L., Lee, S. K., & O’Brien, K. (2013). Implementing family-integrated care in the NICU: Educating nurses. Advances in Neonatal Care, 13(5), 335-340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ANC.0b013e3182a14cde Gibbins, S., Hoath, S., Coughin, M., Gibbins, A., & Franck, L. (2008). The universe of de velopmental care: a new conceptual model for application in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Advances in Neonatal Care, 8(3), 141-147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ANC.0000324337.01970.76 Goetzel, R. A. (2009). Do prevention or treatment services save money? The wrong debate. Health Affairs, 28 (1), 37-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.28.1.37 Huber, M., Knottnerus, J. A., Green, L., Van der Horst, H., Jadad, A. R., Kromhaut, D., †¦ Smid, H. (2011, ). How should we define health? British Journal of Medicine, 343 (6). http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d4163 Jadelhack, R. (2012). Health promotion in nursing and cost-effectiveness. Journal of Cultural Diversity, 19(2), 65-68. Retrieved from http://searchebscohost.com/login.aspx.?direct=true&db=c8h&AN=2011602897&site=nrc=perc Roy’s Adaptation Model. (2013). Retrieved April 30, 2014, from Modelhttp://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/Roy_adaptation_model.html The electric Ben Franklin: A quick biography of Benjamin Franklin. (n. d.). Retrieved May 1, 2014, from http://www.ushistory.org/FRANKLIN/info/ World Health Organization. (1948). Official Records of the World Health Organization. Retrieved April 30, 2014, from http://who.int/about/definition/en/print.html Zimmerman, K., & Bauersachs, C. (2012). Empowering NICU parents. International Journal of Childbirth Education, 27(1), 51-53. Retrieved from http://web.a.ebscohost.com/ehost/resultsadvanced?sid=6bc9fd5c-0677-4c08-9ea1-16196308d26b%40sessionmgr4001&vid=4&hid=4214&bquery=TI+(empowering+nicu+parents)&bdata=JmRiPWM4aCZ0eXBlPTEmc2l0ZT1laG9zdC1saXZl

Sources of Software Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sources of Software - Assignment Example A verifiable and demonstrable commitment to total satisfaction rate and support will be the main facet in the assessment of vender qualifications. The term for this Request for Proposal will be 5 years. This proposal is renewable for 6th and 7th year. The proposal will not be limited to, services all labor and the materials needed for the completion of this project. Proposal shall include all costs of insurance, licensing fees, labor, agreements, and other costs reasonably important to complete this project (Porter-Roth, 2002). The agenda to this RFP must be issued and authorized in writing by the college. Any agenda that alter the RFP documents by deleting, adding, or correcting it contents will be given before the proposal receipt dates. The below attached scheduled is anticipated for this project. The schedule may change depending on the Proposals results. The final schedule will be established before contracting with the winning

National and Global Identity in The Inheritance of Loss Essay

National and Global Identity in The Inheritance of Loss - Essay Example The key argument to be propounded within the course of the essay is that from the impressions of The Inheritance of Loss one has to conclude that the development of ‘global’ identity in non-Western societies is generally restricted to wealthier, more affluent and cosmopolitan classes of those societies, while the vast majority of population remains wedded to national identities, making a cultural bridge between these two social layers rather significant one. The nature and causes of existence of such cultural drift are fundamentally conditioned by the discrepancies generated in the course of twin processes of globalization and decolonization. Even though the decolonization and the growth in importance of the ‘Third World’ nations such as India have led to progressive shifts in the balance of forces within the global arena, it is still evident that the modern globalized world is still based on cultural patterns and assumptions that are directly inherited from the times of undisputed Western hegemony. The global identity, as expressed in the dominant models of consumption, education, etc., remains inherently Western, despite all attempts at making it more diverse and inclusive. Even though the very concept of â€Å"culture† has always been historically conditioned1, it is still evident that the vast majority of modern cultural identities are less prone to uprooting and homogenization than it is often assumed in various transnationalist concepts of world politics and culture. The globalization and the formation of the numerous layers of transnational migrants, voluntary and forced, permanent and temporary, shifted the balance from the maintenance of traditional identities, of national and local dimensions, to the construction and deconstruction of the global, homogeneous identity. However, as may be evidenced from The Inheritance of Loss, the situation may be more nuanced and difficult than can be judged from ‘common-senseâ⠂¬â„¢ representations of these processes. The growing trends for cultural integration and economic migration, despite being important for the general process of globalization, do little to mask the remaining chasms between the representatives of upper strata of non-Western societies and their compatriots remaining generally tied to cultural habits and traditions that still reign supreme over the people living in modern time. The Inheritance of Loss testifies to this very situation. The major characters of the novel are in their own way expressions of the aforementioned dichotomy. The two groups of the characters, each representing a respective social class, embody the controversies generated by globalization and de-localization. The Judge Patel and his granddaughter Sai represent the two generations of upper-class cosmopolitanism and geographical and educational mobility. While they may differ among themselves in subtleties of cultural perceptions, both of these characters are disti nguished by intense interest and self-identification with the non-Indian cultural environment – an Anglicized, respectable, upper-middle class world that is both connected with the Indian tradition, albeit of British Raj variety, and deeply estranged from it. Sai’s recollections of her upbringing in the Catholic Church and the secular and non-traditional lifestyle of her parents are indicative of that. While the secularism was not inherent in Indian

News story critique Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

News story critique - Assignment Example To achieve this, the paper will draw evidence from the news article to analyze the framing of the sex research in these news outlets in relation to our studies in class. It is clear that sex research is very significant in the modern society. Indeed, sex research leads to improved sexual behaviors, reduced negative sex outcomes, delayed starting of sexual activity among the youth, increased protection during sex, reduced sexual partners. Moreover, the media frames the sex research to influence mass opinion. Ideally, framing in research refers to how individuals or groups perceive and communicate the reality in the society. In the media, framing of a research topic defines how the media influences the public opinion and such influence may be behavioral or attitudinal. Indeed, Van Gorp establishes that the framing process assesses the impact of the present cultural phenomena in relation to the present social realities. Indeed, sex and sexuality are social realities in our society and a s such, the media frames the research on this topic to the effect of the society. The media frames the sex research in a unique yet convincing manner. The media frames the sex research from a qualified and authorized author. For example, the news article states that the respondent to the research, Dr. Levant is a professor of psychology and director of the Psychology Department Counseling Clinic at the University of Akron (New York Times, 2013).  As such, the article asserts that the information therein is reliable and authorized. The article does this to convince the audience in trusting in the information given in the article. More so, the audience is likely to adopt the advice there in due to the authority of the author. The news article also claims that the respondent in these articles has actually taken part in other studies. For example, the article states that Dr. Levant had written other related books that include â€Å"Men and Sex: New Psychological Perspectives (New Yor k Times, 2013).†Ã‚  With this background, the articles can influence the public opinion on the topic sex and sexuality by relying on the information contained in the news articles. Furthermore, the article frames the research by portraying the fact that the society forwarded questions about male sexuality to the professor and such questions represented the sex issues in the entire society. Nevertheless, the article reckons that the professor answered only the questions related to his expertise and thus the society should trust such answers. For example, the articles frame the research by analyzing some of the asked questions, which included how old-single men can date in 2013 (New York Times, 2013). This relates the cultural sex phenomena to the present social reality. The article also addresses the question of sexual health problems that affect many in the society like the inability to maintain an erection or climaxing too soon. The advice to such problems relates to the gene ral society and thus shapes the public opinion on handling such problems. For example, the articles frame the questions and answers of low testosterone, denied sexual activity, and unfaithfulness in sexual affairs (New York Times, 2013). These questions apply to both males and females and their response therefore shapes the public opinion. Moreover, cases of sexual affairs between partners of different ages also suffice in this research. Nevertheless, th

Economics Paper 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economics Paper 2 - Essay Example International Trade costs U.S job: International trade benefits both the countries. Standard of living of both countries increase, the countries can utilize their labor in something that is surplus and create boom in that product. National debt will burden the future: It is not always that national debts that burden the country. If the Government utilizes the funds in development of the future generation ; Even though the future generation will have to pay a little more tax but they will be duly benefited. Sweat Shops exploit workers: In poor countries getting a sweat shop job is better than not getting any job at all. By improving the work place amenities the cost of production will increase and the manufacturer will try and balance out their expenditure by reducing employment. This will lead to the employees losing their job. Trade Deficits means weak economy: In a booming economy there is more money to buy. Hence the Trade Deficits are seen. Also when people invest in a booming economy the money flow is outwards.So the money appreciates making it expensive for the foreign buyers. So Trade Deficit is not a sign of weak economy Monopolies charge any price:: It is not always that monopoly companies charge the highest. To make their products sell they may even charge low. The consumer may also benefit by the monopoly as it gives them a specialized market of that particular good in a competitive price. Manufacturers make products that wear out so that they can sell more: Even if the companies increase the price of products lasting longer, competition will make them reduce their price, thus benefiting the consumer. Money comes out of printing press: Most of the money in US economy is not in hard cash but in a/c in banks. When they lend out loans and in turn gets more checques.That way it increases its money making. But if they

Greenwashing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Greenwashing - Essay Example This essay is meant to make a travel through the realities of the profit-bothered present day business world and the upshot that is facing the next generation. There is no doubt that a unit of production of anything has to compromise with their controls to reduce garbage; however, the efforts it is willing to take to control the mishandling of such industrial wastes discriminates among the standards of various companies. In this alarming context, it becomes a collective responsibility of the people to protect their environment in order to get rid of the hazards in any form. If a standardized approach to ensure the shielding of environment is concerned, there arises the need for initiating the efforts to ensure the widely approved ‘green washing’ trials to save the earth from further degradation. To uncover the fact of social wellbeing lying in the core of every collective human effort, businessmen of the current time have to realize that the profitability of their motive s takes the right path only when the social requirements are fulfilled. The efforts of the visionaries to invoke the retailer giants and their sources are taking a better lead in the recent past as more and more customers are turning green-friendly by acting upon the need for refreshing the environmental conditions either directly or indirectly, thanks to their identification of most potential threats (The sins of greenwashing). However, the preference of customers to adopt a particular product that serves a specific purpose takes a categorical influx of differentiated opinions about making the right choice. In fact, it is not predictable as to what proportion of the customers is satisfied with most of the products they use daily. The need for a rethinking has to be identified with the managements of businesses that are directly dealing with the routine needs of the buyers in which they can implement trials on improving their social identity as responsible entities. The alarming fac t of uncontrollably increasing domestic garbage and the plastic disposal are the greatest actors in the challenges against the world nowadays. Many countries have recently developed a mechanism to promote the idea of protecting the environment by urging the common public as well as the visitors to adopt nature-friendly lifestyles. However, there are many witnesses from actual recipients of the evil face of many of the hoteliers and restaurant owners who comfortably compromise with their standards of such an ‘all green’ operation of their businesses. From the experience note of Lane (2011), it is so indicative as he says that most of such posters and catalogues that declare the ‘noble’ causes of behind the ‘love-all-green’ urges of the owners are no more beneficial than saving their cost-cut tactics by reducing the use of electricity and water whereby creating inconvenience to the guests. In most of the situations where the organizers of tours a nd holidays prepare sincere campaigns against the use of materials disastrous to the natural conditions of their own locations, plastic bags and containers are still a notable item of their trade. Developed countries like